What Types of Substances Are Found in the Intracellular and Extracellular Fluids?

In our body fluids we would find small dissolved substances such as ions, amino acids, and the carbohydrate glucose, as well as larger proteins. The

major ions (or electrolytes) would include potassium (K+), sodium (Na+), chloride (Cl−), calcium (Ca2+), magnesium (Mg2+), phosphate (PO4 3−), and bicarbonate (HCO3 −). As demonstrated in Figure 2.2, all of these and other substances will be found in both the intracellular and extracellular fluids. However, the concentration of substances dissolved in either fluid varies and the plasma membrane is bestowed with the awesome responsibility of functioning as a barrier between the two mediums.