When a health professional refers to our blood cholesterol level it is usually total cholesterol. Total cholesterol is the sum of the cholesterol in all of the lipoproteins circulating in our blood at the time of the blood draw. Since chylomicrons will circulate only for a couple of hours after a meal, they should be absent from blood drawn after an overnight fast. If there are chylomicrons in a fasting blood sample it could indicate a medical condition whereby chylomicrons are not rapidly and efficiently processed.
The fractions of total cholesterol are the amount of cholesterol found in each type or class of lipoproteins. Thus LDL-cholesterol is the cholesterol only found in LDL. And likewise HDL-cholesterol is the cholesterol found only in HDL. With regard to heart attacks and strokes, having a total cholesterol level greater than 200 milligrams per 100 milliliters of blood and elevated LDL- and low HDL-cholesterol levels increase the risk (Table 5.6 has a sample lipid profile).
A total cholesterol level is the sum of all the cholesterol in lipoproteins primarily LDLs, HDLs and VLDLs.
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